UGC NET Economics 2023 Unit 7: Money and Banking PYQs (English–Hindi)

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UGC NET ECONOMICS · 2023 · UNIT 7

Money and Banking PYQs
मुद्रा और बैंकिंग के प्रश्न

June2023 · 20June2023 · ShiftI
जून2023 · 20जून2023 · पालीI

Banking and financial institutions
बैंकिंग और वित्तीय संस्थाएँ

Question 16 / प्रश्न 16

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Which of the following are recommendations of the Narasimham Committee, 1991. A. Deregulation of the interest rate structure. B. Need for greater use of information technology. C. Permitting only private sector banks to access the capital market. D. Freedom to appoint chief executive and officers of the banks. E. Capital adequacy norms were implemented in stages.
Narasimham 1991: A interest deregulation; B IT use; C only private banks capital market; D managerial autonomy; E stagedcapitaladequacy।

(a) A, B and E only
(a) A, B और E केवल
(b) A, C and D only
(b) A, C और D केवल
(c) A, D and E only
(c) A, D और E केवल
(d) C, D and E only
(d) C, D और E केवल
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer / उत्तर: c intended; B not uniquely excluded / intended(c)

Explanation: A, D, E are core reforms, but excluding the broadly consistent IT recommendation requires a narrower source criterion.

व्याख्या: A, D, E core financial-sector reforms हैं; C false क्योंकि public banks को भी capital markets access मिला। B computerisation/IT broadly reform agenda से consistent है; अगर उसे general recommendation मानें तो A B D E true और exact option नहीं।

Question 24 / प्रश्न 24

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With the same monetary base, which of the following will lead to an increase in broad money?
Same monetary base पर broad money बढ़ाने वाला factor?

(a) High transaction cost of converting deposit into cash
(a) Deposit-to-cash conversioncost अधिक।
(b) Higher investment under SLR
(b) SLRinvestment अधिक।
(c) Higher use of cash
(c) Cashuse अधिक।
(d) Increase in financial literacy and banking habit
(d) Financialliteracy/bankinghabit बढ़ना।
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer: d intended; (a) can also work
उत्तर: unique implication नहीं

Explanation: Banking habits can raise the multiplier, but higher cash-withdrawal costs may also reduce cash holdings.

व्याख्या: Banking habits currency-deposit ratio घटाकर multiplier बढ़ा सकती हैं। Cash withdrawal cost(a) भी cash holdings घटाए तो same direction दे सकती है। इसलिए (d) intended standard answer है, लेकिन (a) के behavioural effect को exclude करने की assumption नहीं दी।

Question 28 / प्रश्न 28

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Pillar I of Basel III norms focus on A. Quality and level of capital B. Risk Coverage C. Containing leverage D. Risk management and supervision E. Market discipline
Basel III Pillar I: A capital quality/level; B risk coverage; C contain leverage; D supervision; E market discipline।

(a) A and B only
(a) A और B केवल
(b) B and C only
(b) B और C केवल
(c) C and D only
(c) C और D केवल
(d) D and E only
(d) D और E केवल
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer: No complete option under Pillar1 leverage treatment: A, B, C
उत्तर: पूरा option नहीं

Explanation: By 2018the leverage requirement also had Pillar1treatment; A, B, C are needed but not offered.

व्याख्या: A/B core Pillar1 हैं; D Pillar2 और E Pillar3। Basel leverage requirement को 1January 2018 से Pillar1 treatment मिला, इसलिए 2023 reading में C भी relevant है। Source(a) older summary में leverage को अलग column मानता है।

Reference / संदर्भ

Question 44 / प्रश्न 44

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Monetary base of an economy is,
Monetary base का सही expression?

(a) Amount of currency held by public and by the banks as reserves.
(a) Currencywithpublic plusbankreserves।
(b) Amount of currency held by public and demand deposits.
(b) Currencyplusdemanddeposits।
(c) Amount of currency held by public and time deposits.
(c) Currencyplustimedeposits।
(d) Currency deposit ratio.
(d) Currencydepositratio।
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer: (a) Amount of currency held by public and by the banks as reserves.
उत्तर: (a) Currencywithpublic plusbankreserves।

Explanation: The monetary base is currency with the public plus bank reserves, including central-bank balances.

व्याख्या: H=C+R में reserves में banks की vaultcash और central bank balances दोनों आते हैं। Deposit money broad money का हिस्सा है, monetary base का पूरा नहीं। Option(a) को reserves के broad sense में पढ़ें।

Question 60 / प्रश्न 60

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Arrange the following in order to their year of establishment starting from oldest A. The Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India (ICICI) B. National Bank for Agricultural and Rural Development (NABARD) C. The Industrial Finance Corporation of India (IFCI) D. The Industrial Reconstruction Bank of India (IRBI) E. Export-Import Bank of India.
Institutions oldest first: A ICICI; B NABARD; C IFCI; D IRBI; E EXIM।

(a) A, C, E, B, D
(a) A, C, E, B, D
(b) C, A, D, E, B
(b) C, A, D, E, B
(c) E, C, A, B, D
(c) E, C, A, B, D
(d) A, D, C, B, E
(d) A, D, C, B, E
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer: No exact option: C, A, E, B, D
उत्तर: exact option नहीं

Explanation: IRBI dates to 1985; the correct chronology is C, A, E, B, D, which is absent.

व्याख्या: IFCI 1948, ICICI 1955, EXIM January 1982, NABARD July 1982, IRBI 1985। Source(b) D को 1971 समझता है, जो predecessor IRCI का year है। D को IRCI rename करें तभी C A D E B बनता है।

Question 72 / प्रश्न 72

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Prevention of Money Laundering Act was enacted in the year
PMLA का statutory title-year?

(a) 2001
(a) 2001
(b) 2002
(b) 2002
(c) 2003
(c) 2003
(d) 2004
(d) 2004
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer: (b) 2002
उत्तर: (b) 2002

Explanation: The Act’s title is 2002; as sent in 2003and commencement in 2005are separate dates.

व्याख्या: Title Prevention of Money Laundering Act,2002 है। Presidentialassent17January 2003 और commencement1July 2005 अलग dates हैं। “Enacted” को as sent date अर्थ दें तो 2003; source 2002 title year पूछता है।

Monetary policy
मौद्रिक नीति

Question 64 / प्रश्न 64

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Taylor's Rule tells,
Taylor rule किसको describe करता है?

(a) how monetary authority sets interest rate in response to economic activity
(a) Inflation/output के response में policy rate।
(b) how monetary authority maintains bank rate
(b) Bankrate कोहमेशा fixed रखना।
(c) how monetary authority maintains exchange rate
(c) FXfix करना।
(d) how government decides the tax rate to increase the tax base.
(d) Governmenttaxbase निर्धारित करना।
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer: (a) how monetary authority sets interest rate in response to economic activity
उत्तर: (a) Inflation/output के response में policy rate।

Explanation: A Taylor rule systematically adjusts the policy rate to inflation and activity gaps.

व्याख्या: i=r*+π+α(π−π*)+β(output gap) typical feedback rule है। Inflation target gap और activity gap पर systematic interest response बताता है।

Capital markets
पूँजी बाजार

Question 84 / प्रश्न 84

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Arrange the following events of equity trading in India starting from the oldest: A. The BSE introduced screen-based trading. B. Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs) are permitted to invest in the Indian Securities Market. C. NSE commenced operations in wholesale debt market segment. D. The SEBI banned badla trading on the BSE. E. The NSE overtook the BSE as the largest stock-exchange in terms of volume trading.
Equity events oldest first: A BSEscreen; B FIIentry; C NSEdebt; D badla ban; E NSEvolumeovertakes BSE।

(a) A, B, D, E, C
(a) A, B, D, E, C
(b) B, D, C, E, A
(b) B, D, C, E, A
(c) D, B, E, C, A
(c) D, B, E, C, A
(d) C, B, D, E, A
(d) C, B, D, E, A
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer / उत्तर: b for the 1993/94 badla ban / earlier-ban interpretation

Explanation: The order uses the early 1993/94badla ban; the final 2001abolition would produce a different chronology.

व्याख्या: FIIpermission 1992 → initial badla ban 1993/94 → NSEwholesaledebt June 1994 → NSEvolumeleadlate 1994 → BSEscreen 1995। Finalbadlaabolition 2001 अलग event है। D किस ban को refer करता है स्पष्ट न हो तो sequence ambiguous है।