UGC NET ECONOMICS · 2023 · UNIT 10
Indian Economy PYQs
भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था के प्रश्न
June2023 · 20June2023 · ShiftI
जून2023 · 20जून2023 · पालीI
Poverty employment and social indicators
गरीबी, रोजगार और सामाजिक संकेतक
Question 2 / प्रश्न 2
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Based on the NITI Aayog of poverty for the year 2011-12, the states with above 30 percent rural poverty are A. Manipur B. Bihar C. Sikkim D. Uttar Pradesh E. Nagaland
2011–12 rural poverty30% से अधिक: A Manipur; B Bihar; C Sikkim; D UP; E Nagaland।
(a) A और B केवल
(b) B और D केवल
(c) B, C और D केवल
(d) A, B और D केवल
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
उत्तर: (d) A, B और D केवल
Explanation: Manipur, Bihar, and UP had rural poverty above30%in the specified monetary-poverty series.
व्याख्या: Tendulkar-line rural ratios Manipur38.80%, Bihar34.06%, UP30.40% थे; Sikkim9.85%, Nagaland19.93%। इसलिए A B D। यह monetary poverty है, MPI नहीं।
Question 27 / प्रश्न 27
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According to Sample Registration System, which of the following Indian States has the highest level of life time risk during 2018-2020.
SRS 2018–20 में दिए states में maternal-death lifetime risk सबसे अधिक?
(a) Bihar
(b) Uttar Pradesh
(c) Madhya Pradesh
(d) Chhatisgarh
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
उत्तर: (c) Madhya Pradesh
Explanation: Madhya Pradesh’s maternal lifetime risk was about.53%in the specified SRS period.
व्याख्या: Madhya Pradesh का lifetime risk≈.53% इन विकल्पों में सबसे अधिक था। Lifetime risk reproductive years में maternal mortality का cumulative measure है; MMR प्रति 100000livebirths अलग ratio है।
Indian economy and policy
भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था और नीति
Question 6 / प्रश्न 6
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The BOP crisis of early 1990s made India borrow from the IMF which came on following conditions A. Devaluation of rupee by 22% B. Drastic custom cut to a peak duty of 30% from the erstwhile level of 130% for all goods C. Consolidation of all indirect taxes into one tax D. Excise duty to be increases by 20% to neutralize the loss of revenue due to custom cut E. Government expenditure to be cut by 10% per annum.
1991 IMF conditions के printed claims: A rupee22% devaluation; B peak duty130 से 30; C सभी indirect taxes एक; D excise20%↑; E annual spending10%↓।
(a) A, B, C, E केवल
(b) B, C, D, E केवल
(c) C, D, E, A केवल
(d) A, B, D, E केवल
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
उत्तर: exact सही combination नहीं
Explanation: The exact numerical conditions are historically unreliable; later tariff reform is in correctly treated as an immediate 1991condition.
व्याख्या: 1991 adjustment में devaluation, fiscal consolidation और trade reform थे। लेकिन 30% peak duty later reform path का outcome है; all-goods immediate cut और fixed20%/10% rules सही general account नहीं। GST-style tax consolidation भी 1991 condition नहीं। Source(d) के चार exact numerical claims independently defensible नहीं।
Question 8 / प्रश्न 8
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The components of services sector in Gross Value Added (GVA) are A. Construction B. Trade, Hotels, Transport and Communication related to Broadcasting C. Electricity, Gas, Water supply and other utility services D. Public Administration, Defense and other services E. Financial, Real Estate and Professional services
GVA services में: A construction; B trade/hotels/transport/communication; C utilities; D public administration/defence; E finance/real estate/professional।
(a) B, C और E केवल
(b) A, B और D केवल
(c) A, B, D और E केवल
(d) A, B, C और E केवल
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
उत्तर: कोई exact option नहीं
Explanation: Construction and utilities belong to industry; services are B, D, E, which is not offered.
व्याख्या: NSO broad classification में construction और utilities industry में हैं। Services में B, D, E शामिल होते हैं। Listed(c) में extra construction A है।
Question 18 / प्रश्न 18
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What is the motto of 18th G-20 meeting?
18th G20 summit 2023 का motto?
(a) एक पृथ्वी, एक परिवार, एक भविष्य।
(b) एक पृथ्वी, एक प्रकृति, एक जीवन।
(c) एक विश्व, एक परिवार, एक जीवन।
(d) एक पृथ्वी, एक प्रकृति, एक भविष्य।
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
उत्तर: (a) एक पृथ्वी, एक परिवार, एक भविष्य।
Explanation: The 2023presidency theme was One Earth, One Family, One Future.
व्याख्या: India presidency theme “One Earth, One Family, One Future” था, Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam से प्रेरित। प्रश्न 2023 summit के historical context में है।
Question 53 / प्रश्न 53
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Match List I with List II.
Policy और years match करें।
| ListI सूचीI |
ListII सूचीII |
|---|---|
| A National Forest Policy राष्ट्रीयवननीति |
I 2000 |
| B Marine Fishing Policy समुद्रीमत्स्यनीति |
II 1994 |
| C New Mineral Policy नईखनिजनीति |
III 2004 |
| D National Population Policy राष्ट्रीयजनसंख्यानीति |
IV 1988 |
(a) IV III II I
(b) IV II III I
(c) II IV III I
(d) II III IV I
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
उत्तर: C का साल गलत
Explanation: The mineral policy was 1993, not printed 1994; the intended matching requires correction.
व्याख्या: Forest 1988, marine fishing 2004, population 2000। National Mineral Policy 1993 थी, printed 1994 नहीं; subsequent policies 2008,2019 हैं। CII को 1993 सुधारने पर matching AIV BIII CII DI और(a) बनता है।
Question 67 / प्रश्न 67
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Arrange the following Acts in chronological order of their year of enactment starting from the oldest: A. Foreign Exchange Regulation Act B. Competition Act C. MRTP Act D. Foreign Regulation Act E. Foreign Exchange Management Act
Acts oldest first: A FERA; B Competition; C MRTP; D “Foreign Regulation”; E FEMA।
(a) C, B, A, D, E
(b) C, A, B, E, D
(c) B, A, D, E, C
(d) A, B, C, D, E
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
उत्तर: कोई exact option नहीं
Explanation: Interpreting the incomplete label as FCRA 1976 gives C, A, D, E, B, which is absent.
व्याख्या: MRTP 1969, FERA 1973, FCRA 1976, FEMA 1999, Competition 2002। D का printed name incomplete है; FCRA intended होने पर C A D E B किसी option में नहीं। FCRA 2010 चुनें तो order अलग होगा।
Indian public finance
भारत का लोक वित्त
Question 22 / प्रश्न 22
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Allocation of budget for Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare in Union Budget 2023-24 is
Agriculture and Farmers Welfare ministry Budget 2023–24 allocation लगभग?
(a) 2.25 lakh crores
(b) 1.25 lakh crores
(c) 1.78 lakh crores
(d) 1.68 lakh crores
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
उत्तर: (b) 1.25 lakh crores
Explanation: The specified ministry allocation was approximately₹1.25lakh crore.
व्याख्या: लगभग₹1.25lakh crore ministry allocation था। Chemicals/Fertiliser ministry का fertiliser subsidy allocation अलग budget head है।
Question 51 / प्रश्न 51
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As per the total revenue received by the government under the head of GST on the domestic supply of goods and services for 2021- 22, arrange the following states in ascending order: A. Odisha B. Rajasthan C. Delhi D. West Bengal E. Madhya Pradesh
Domestic-supply GST 2021–22 states ascending: A Odisha; B Rajasthan; C Delhi; D West Bengal; E MP।
(a) D, C, E, B, A
(b) E, B, A, C, D
(c) B, E, C, A, D
(d) C, E, A, D, B
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
उत्तर: (b) E, B, A, C, D
Explanation: Official annual domestic GST totals rank MP, Rajasthan, Odisha, Delhi, West Bengal.
व्याख्या: Finance Ministry annual domestic GSTtable FY 2021–22 में MP31255, Rajasthan38480, Odisha44335, Delhi46253, West Bengal47898 crore हैं। Ascending E B A C D। Compilation के 3–4thousandfiguresannualtotals नहीं हैं; सही annual series भी same order देती है।
Question 80 / प्रश्न 80
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Arrange states in ascending order based on loans from the central government for the year 2020-21. A. Karnataka B. Madhya Pradesh C. Tamil Nadu D. Gujarat E. Maharashtra
Central-government loans 2020–21 ascending: A Karnataka; B MP; C Tamil Nadu; D Gujarat; E Maharashtra।
(a) C, B, D, A, E
(b) B, C, D, A, E
(c) C, B, A, D, E
(d) B, C, A, D, E
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
उत्तर: दिए आँकड़ों पर(b)
Explanation: Sorting the supplied figures gives B, C, D, A, E; the printed key contradicts its own numbers.
व्याख्या: Compilation figures MP 8552, Tamil Nadu14856, Gujarat16431, Karnataka19414, Maharashtra25430 का order B C D A E है। Printed(a) उसके अपने figures से भी mismatch है। Loan stock/annual disbursement का precise series label omitted है; values की primary verification pending मानें।
Agriculture and rural development
कृषि और ग्रामीण विकास
Question 65 / प्रश्न 65
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Match List I with List II.
2021–22 food grain production thousand tonnes match करें।
| ListI सूचीI |
ListII सूचीII |
|---|---|
| A Telangana तेलंगाना |
I 11266.0 |
| B Jharkhand झारखंड |
II 4984.2 |
| C Chhattisgarh छत्तीसगढ़ |
III 8897.0 |
| D Andhra Pradesh आंध्रप्रदेश |
IV 15095.4 |
(a) I II III IV
(b) IV III II I
(c) I III IV II
(d) IV II III I
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
उत्तर: (d) IV II III I
Explanation: The supplied production totals imply A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I.
व्याख्या: Supplied production series में A15095.4, B 4984.2, C 8897, D11266, यानी AIV BII CIII DI। Production totals को yield kg/ha न समझें।
Question 76 / प्रश्न 76
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The Intensive Agriculture District Programme (IADP) was launched in the year
IADP किस वर्ष launch हुआ?
(a) 1960-61
(b) 1961-62
(c) 1962-63
(d) 1963-64
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
उत्तर: (a) 1960-61
Explanation: IADP began in 1960–61, earlier than the high-yielding varieties programme.
व्याख्या: Intensive Agricultural District Programme 1960–61 में selected districts में package approach के साथ शुरू हुआ। High yielding varieties programme 1966–67 बाद का programme है।
Passage based questions
अनुच्छेद आधारित प्रश्न
Question 91 / प्रश्न 91
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Which of the following strategies was not comprised India's Fiscal Policy response to Covid crises:
दिए Covid response में कौन शामिल नहीं ?
(a) Foodsubsidy बढ़ाना।
(b) Fertilisersubsidy बढ़ाना।
(c) Selectedimporttax घटाना।
(d) Fueltax बढ़ाना।
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
उत्तर: (d) Fueltax बढ़ाना।
Explanation: The passage says fuel taxes were reduced, not increased.
व्याख्या: Passage fuel tax reductions बताता है; increases नहीं।
Question 92 / प्रश्न 92
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The Capex of the union government for the period FY 09 to FY 20 on an average was _____.
FY09–FY20 average central capex?
(a) 2.5 percent of GDP
(b) 15.5 percent of revenue receipts
(c) 24.8 percent of GST revenue
(d) 1.7 percent of GDP
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
उत्तर: (d) 1.7 percent of GDP
Explanation: The stated long-term average is1.7%of GDP.
व्याख्या: Passage average1.7%GDP देता है। 2.5% बाद की level है; 15.5/24.8 revenue growth rates को capex share न समझें।
Question 93 / प्रश्न 93
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Which of the following strategy is adopted by Union Government to prioritise States' spending on capex.
States capex के लिए incentive?
(a) Revenueexpenditure बढ़ानेकी incentive।
(b) Interestfreeloans/higherborrowingceiling।
(c) Higherinterestpayment।
(d) Taxspending बढ़ाना।
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
उत्तर: (b) Interestfreeloans/higherborrowingceiling।
Explanation: Interest-free loans and higher borrowing ceilings support state capital expenditure.
व्याख्या: Financing cost और permitted borrowing capacity में support से states capital spending prioritise कर सकते हैं।
Question 94 / प्रश्न 94
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In order to further capex, allocation for which of the following infrastructure sector is not increased:
Passage में increased allocations वाले sectors में कौन listed नहीं ?
(a) Ports/waterways।
(b) Roads/highways।
(c) Railways।
(d) Housing/urban affairs।
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
उत्तर: (a) Ports/waterways।
Explanation: Ports are not named in the passage; that omission does not prove an actual budget cut.
व्याख्या: Explicit list roads, railways, housing/urban affairs है। Passage में mention नहोना वास्तविक budget में no increase का proof नहीं; answer passage-based exclusion है।
Question 95 / प्रश्न 95
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Which of the following is not correct with respect to facilitation of resilience in fiscal performance of the union government:
Fiscal resilience के लिए passage केविरुद्ध claim?
(a) Economicrecovery।
(b) GSTbuoyancy।
(c) Food/fertilisersubsidy पर austerity।
(d) Realisticbudgetassumptions।
Answer & Explanation / उत्तर और व्याख्या
उत्तर: (c) Food/fertilisersubsidy पर austerity।
Explanation: Subsidy austerity contradicts the passage’s description of increased food/fertiliser support.
व्याख्या: Source passage subsidies बढ़ना बताता है; cuts/austerity का दावा उससे उलटा है।